2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Pyruvate Kinase

Pyruvate Kinase

Pyruvate Kinase

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Pyruvate kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate and ADP to pyruvate and ATP in glycolysis and plays a role in regulating cell metabolism. There are four mammalian pyruvate kinase isoforms with unique tissue expression patterns and regulatory properties. Pyruvate kinase has four different tissue-specific isozymes in animals, PKL, PKR, PKM1, and PKM2. The L and R isozymes are expressed in the liver (L) and red blood cells (R), whereas PKM2 is expressed in early embryonic cells and other proliferating cells, and PKM1 is expressed in the brain, skeletal muscle, and heart which need high energy.

PKM1 and PKM2 are formed by a single mRNA transcript of the PKM gene by alternative splicing. The oligomers of PKM2 exist in high activity tetramer and low activity dimer forms. The dimer PKM2 regulates the rate-limiting step of glycolysis that shifts the glucose metabolism from the normal respiratory chain to lactate production in tumor cells. Besides its role as a metabolic regulator, it also acts as a protein kinase, which contributes to tumorigenesis. PKM2 serves as a promising target for cancer treatment.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-121275
    Benserazide
    		Inhibitor 98.43%
    Benserazide is an aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and L-DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor. Benserazide is also a PKM2 inhibitor. Benserazide directly binds to and blocks PKM2 enzyme activity, leading to inhibition of aerobic glycolysis concurrent up-regulation of OXPHOS. Benserazide can be used for the study of Parkinson's disease and melanoma.
    Benserazide
  • HY-19702
    PKR activator 3
    		Activator 99.82%
    PKR activator 3 (Compound 160) is a red blood cell pyruvate kinase (PKR) activator. PKR activator 3 can be used in the research of diseases related to PKR function, such as pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD).
    PKR activator 3
  • HY-N3011
    Iridin
    		Inhibitor 99.72%
    Iridin is an orally active natural isoflavone. Iridin inhibits the PI3K/AKT and PKM2 signaling pathways, and downregulates the JAK/STAT and NF-κB pathways. Iridin induces Fas-mediated extrinsic apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and inhibits cell proliferation. Iridin reduces inflammation, inhibits ROS production, suppresses glycolysis, and also exhibits antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Iridin can be used in research related to gastric cancer and acute lung injury.
    Iridin
  • HY-D1456
    TEPC466
    		99.43%
    TEPC466 is a novel TEPP-46-based aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probe. TEPC466 shows a high degree of selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of PKM2 protein via the AIE effect. EPC466 can be used for the detection of PKM2. TEPC466 is successfully applied in imaging the PKM2 protein in colorectal cancer cells with low toxicity. TEPC466 is a useful tool for cancer diagnosis and research.
    TEPC466
  • HY-155850
    CIAC001
    		Inhibitor 99.70%
    CIAC001 is a Pyruvate Kinase PKM2 inhibitor with anti-neuroinflammatory activity. CIAC001 inhibits LPS-induced proinflammatory nitric oxide (NO) production and protects immunologically active BV-2 cells (IC50=2.5 μM). CIAC001 also has anti-neuroinflammation in mouse models and inhibits chronic morphine-induced addiction.
    CIAC001
  • HY-148324
    PKM2 activator 5
    		Activator
    PKM2 activator 5 (compound 8) is a PKM2 activator with an AC50 value of 0.316 µM. PKM2 activator 5 has the potential to alter the aberrant metabolism of cancer cells.
    PKM2 activator 5
  • HY-148615
    NPD10084
    		Inhibitor 99.69%
    NPD10084 is a pyruvate kinase PKM2 inhibitor that inhibits non-glycolytic signaling in cancer cells. NPD10084 disrupts the interaction between PKM2 and β-catenin or STAT3 and inhibits downstream signaling. NPD10084 has antiproliferative activity against colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
    NPD10084
  • HY-N7064
    Iminostilbene
    		Inhibitor 99.34%
    Iminostilbene is a chemical precursor of carbamazepine. Additionally, Iminostilbene is an orally active inhibitor of PKM2 (Pyruvate Kinase M2) and COX2 (Cyclooxygenase-2). Iminostilbene exerts its effects by inhibiting PKM2 and its interaction with HIF-1α and STAT3, reducing COX2 and iNOS expression, and decreasing LPS-induced release of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1, thereby suppressing macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and improving myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Iminostilbene holds promise for research in inflammation regulation, cardiovascular diseases (such as MI/R injury), and macrophage-mediated immune-related diseases.
    Iminostilbene
  • HY-W319647
    GCN2 activator-1
    		Inhibitor 99.69%
    GCN2 activator-1 (Compound 20) is a GCN2 activator. GCN2 activator-1 binds within the ATP-pocket of GCN2 and activates GCN2 in a GCN1-independent manner. GCN2 activator-1 activates Integrated Stress Response (ISR) in cells. GCN2 activator-1 inhibits PKR with an IC50 of 3.75 µM. GCN2 activator-1 can be used for research of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD).
    GCN2 activator-1
  • HY-P2806A
    Pyruvate Kinase (PK),Rabbit Muscle
    Pyruvate Kinase (PK),Rabbit Muscle (ATP:Pyruvate 2-0-phosphotransferase,PK) is a biological material or organic compound that can be used in life science research.
    Pyruvate Kinase (PK),Rabbit Muscle
  • HY-W587878
    Thujopsene
    		Inhibitor
    Thujopsene is the inhibitor for cytochrome P450, that inhibits CYP2B6, CYP3A4, CYP2C19, CYP2C8, CYP2C9 with IC50s of 1.3, 12.6, 13.6, 29.8, and 44.9 μM, respectively. Thujopsene binds to PKM2, inhibits the metabolism pathway of cancer cell, induces apoptosis in MKN45, thereby exhibiting antitumor efficacy. Thujopsene exhibits anti-termite and antifungal activities through autoxidation.
    Thujopsene
  • HY-N15451
    Deoxytopsentin
    		Inhibitor 99.42%
    Deoxytopsentin (compound 5) is a marine bisindole alkaloid and also a MRSA pyruvate kinase inhibitor. Deoxytopsentin exists in sponges. Deoxytopsentin exhibits antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in vitro.
    Deoxytopsentin
  • HY-B0404AR
    Benserazide hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Benserazide hydrochloride (Standard) (Serazide (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Benserazide hydrochloride (HY-B0404A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benserazide hydrochloride (Serazide) is an aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) and L-DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor. Benserazide hydrochloride is also a PKM2 inhibitor. Benserazide hydrochloride directly binds to and blocks PKM2 enzyme activity, leading to inhibition of aerobic glycolysis concurrent up-regulation of OXPHOS. Benserazide hydrochloride can be used for the study of Parkinson's disease and melanoma.
    Benserazide hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-N0822R
    Shikonin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Shikonin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Shikonin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Shikonin is a major component of a Chinese herbal medicine named zicao. Shikonin is a potent TMEM16A chloride channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. Shikonin is a specific pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibitor and can also inhibit TNF-α and NF-κB pathway. Shikonin decreases exosome secretion through the inhibition of glycolysis. Shikonin inhibits AIM2 inflammasome activation.
    Shikonin (Standard)
  • HY-135883
    PKR activator 1
    		Activator
    PKR activator 1 is a potent pyruvate kinase-R (PKR) activator extracted from patent WO2019035865A1, compound E7-93.
    PKR activator 1
  • HY-156375
    PKM2 activator 6
    		Activator
    PKM2 activator 6 (Compound Z10) is a PKM2 activator and PDK1 inhibitor (KD: 121 and 19.6 μM respectively). PKM2 activator 6 induces colorectal cell apoptosis, and inhibits cell proliferation and migration . PKM2 activator 6 inhibits glycolysis. PKM2 activator 6 inhibits proliferation of DLD-1, HCT-8, HT-29, MCF-10A cells (IC50: 10.04, 2.16, 3.57, 66.39 μM).
    PKM2 activator 6
  • HY-132215
    PF-06284674
    		Activator 99.69%
    PF-06284674 (PKM2 activator 1) (Compound 8) is a PKM2 activator that can be used in cancer research.
    PF-06284674
  • HY-162080A
    METTL1-WDR4-IN-1 TFA
    		Inhibitor 99.61%
    METTL1-WDR4-IN-1 (Compound 1) TFA is a selective competitive inhibitor of the methyltransferase complex METTL1-WDR4 (IC50=144 μM). METTL1-WDR4-IN-1 TFA inhibits the m7G methyltransferase activity of the METTL1-WDR4 complex, blocking the m7G modification of PKM mRNA, reducing PKM2 protein expression, disrupting the METTL1/PKM2/H3K9la positive feedback loop, and simultaneously inhibiting PKM2 nuclear translocation-mediated CD155 transcriptional activation. METTL1-WDR4-IN-1 TFA can inhibit tumor cell proliferation, weaken glycolytic metabolism, reverse tumor immune evasion (restoring NK cell and CD8+ T cell function), and regulate RNA epigenetic modification and the tumor immune microenvironment. METTL1-WDR4-IN-1 TFA can be used in immunotherapy research for cancers such as colorectal cancer, and is particularly suitable for use in combination with PKM2 inhibitors to enhance anti-tumor treatment efficacy.
    METTL1-WDR4-IN-1 TFA
  • HY-110124
    ML202
    		Activator 99.27%
    ML202 is a highly specific allosteric activator of human pyruvate kinase M2 (hPK-M2), which can affect the cooperativity of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) binding, while adenosine diphosphate (ADP) binding almost no effect.
    ML202
  • HY-139573A
    (Rac)-Etavopivat
    		Activator 99.87%
    (Rac)-Etavopivat ((Rac)-FT-4202) is an isomer of Etavopivat (HY-139573). Etavopivat is an orally active erythrocyte pyruvate kinase-R (PKR) activator that can be used in studies of sickle cell disease and other haemoglobinopathies.
    (Rac)-Etavopivat
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity